{"id":29768,"date":"2023-11-22T09:33:15","date_gmt":"2023-11-21T20:33:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wp.kamiapp.com\/?p=29768"},"modified":"2024-03-06T15:58:44","modified_gmt":"2024-03-06T02:58:44","slug":"the-opportunity-gap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wp.kamiapp.com\/blog\/the-opportunity-gap\/","title":{"rendered":"The Opportunity Gap"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
We\u2019re back with the third installment of our blog series focusing on leadership and decision-making in schools. We invited Dwight Jones, one of the country’s leading educational experts and the former superintendent of a major district, to participate in our discussion on the opportunity gap in education. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Dwight Jones<\/span> | The president of Education Practice and Policy Partners. He has previously served as the Denver Public Schools Superintendent, Education Commissioner of the State of Colorado, and Clark County School District Superintendent in Las Vegas, Nevada.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Dwight Jones defines the opportunity gap as “inequities in the system, structures, and practices within education that can prevent children from reaching their potential.\u201d1 He explained, \u201cI have thought a lot about the opportunity gap \u2014 it\u2019s been a core consideration in every aspect of my career.\u201d <\/p> Jones stated that the opportunity gap is between \u201ccertain groups of youngsters and their counterparts that might be Caucasian or wealthy.\u201d This observation illuminates the two areas where a child may be subjected to inequalities \u2014 attending under-resourced schools and living in underserved communities that impact educational opportunities. Jones states this gap can manifest in various ways, from \u201caccess to AP and Honors courses, rigorous Tier I instruction, high-level classes, or even activities like athletics.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t An opportunity gap refers to inequality in educational opportunities. In contrast, a learning gap is the difference between the expectation and the reality of attainment based on a student\u2019s age or stage. Jones highlighted that while all students have \u201cthe capacity to learn,\u201d teachers have \u201cdifferent expectations for students,\u201d which can affect their instruction level without reason. <\/p> According to Jones, whether teachers should instruct students \u201cat their current level or grade level\u201d is a question that continues to divide educators. Is it better to teach to the target level and hope a mix of proximal development2 and well-selected supporting material will bridge the gap, or is it better to start where the students are and slowly but surely close the gap? <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Jones asserts that racial and socioeconomic disparities are the most common contributing factors to opportunity and learning gaps. He mentioned the persistence of these gaps, even with extensive research and efforts, and how they sometimes continue to widen.<\/p> When he was a superintendent at Fountain-Fort Carson, the governor tasked Jones with determining why \u201cCaucasian students were achieving at a higher level than their Black and Latinx counterparts.\u201d The fact that this was a commissioned position makes it explicit that race contributes to academic disparity. Jones also pointed out that \u201cstudents from lower-income families had a considerable learning gap between those from medium to higher level income families.\u201d<\/p> Better instruction has raised the academic performance of all students, including Black, Latinx, and lower-income students, which, although in some way positive, unfortunately, \u201cthe gap still exists and in some cases it\u2019s widening.\u201d He summarized this situation with a fitting metaphor, \u201cEven though the rising tide is raising all boats, it’s raising some boats higher. It\u2019s a challenge we’re trying to figure out.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Jones believes \u201cthere are many strategies that work.\u201d He stated, \u201cThere’s never a substitute for high-quality instruction by well-trained and qualified teachers.\u201d Beyond the teachers themselves, Jones acknowledged the need for a \u201cstrong, research-based curriculum\u201d that will \u201cget results.\u201d<\/p> Jones continued to assert the importance of “strong professional development.\u201d He acknowledged that \u201csometimes people think professional development might be a waste of time and resource, but if teachers and staff aren’t trained well on the diverse needs of diverse learners, student attainment will suffer.\u201d He talked about the importance of \u201cmaking sure that not only are we doing PD, but it’s the right PD. And we’re doing it with strong and research-backed folks to train them on the things that positively impact them.\u201d<\/p> The need to make sure teachers are \u201capproaching students and teaching them in a way that they learn best\u201d is vital to Jones. This individualized approach to education \u201ctakes a lot of differentiation within a classroom,\u201d which he accepts is challenging when teachers \u201chave a classroom with 25 or 30 students.\u201d Nonetheless, he has observed that \u201cfolks are finding various ways\u201d to differentiate successfully.<\/p> Technology is the final strategy Jones points out as successfully addressing gaps between students. He sees that students \u201cget some pretty good support and research opportunities when using technology,\u201d and companies \u201cprovide a lot of tools and resources that are really helpful.\u201d He points out that if teachers are supported and well-trained, technology can be \u201cvery effective.\u201d It comes down to \u201cwhether we’re putting in the time and energy it takes to ensure it works.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t In a time when ” there are so many distractions\u201d and \u201ceducators are being asked to do so much more than educating kids,\u201d Jones insists that leaders’ \u201cmain focus\u201d must be on teaching and learning. Leaders must \u201cput their ladder on the right wall. Any wall won’t do. The right wall is the one that improves literacy, fosters strong instruction, and guarantees our teachers are supported.\u201d<\/p> Jones encourages leaders \u201cto be right there with their butt in the seat next to the teachers\u201d during professional development. Their presence allows them to offer \u201csupport to their teachers and have the most positive impact.\u201d<\/p> The last area Jones touched on was \u201cmaking sure folks maintain high expectations.\u201d Keeping the bar high can help guarantee \u201call kids get access to the best curriculum and resources\u201d and that leaders \u201ccontinue to grow their staff so every kid gets access to highly trained, well-qualified teachers.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t Dwight Jones’s perspective on the opportunity gap sheds light on systemic racism and educational socioeconomic disparities. As he defines it, the opportunity gap underscores the need for a more equitable and inclusive educational system. <\/p> As schools navigate the challenges of narrowing the opportunity gap, leaders must remain committed to creating a fair and inclusive educational landscape where every child can reach their full potential, regardless of their background. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t \u00b9Milner, H. Richard. \u201cBeyond a Test Score: Explaining Opportunity Gaps in Educational Practice.\u201d <\/span>Journal of Black Studies<\/span><\/i>, vol. 43, no. 6, 2012, pp. 693\u2013718. <\/span>JSTOR<\/span><\/i>, https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/23414665?typeAccessWorkflow=login<\/a><\/span><\/p>What is the opportunity gap? <\/h4>
Section summary<\/h5>
Opportunity gap vs. learning gap<\/h4>
Section summary<\/h5>
student achievement.<\/li>
socioeconomic background.<\/li>The factors contributing to gaps<\/h4>
Section summary<\/h5>
The best strategies to address gaps<\/h4>
Section summary<\/h5>
The role of leadership in addressing gaps<\/h4>
Section summary<\/h5>
References<\/h6>